Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are characterized by their desmoplastic and hypervascularized tumor microenvironment (TME), which is mainly composed of tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs play a pivotal role in general and CCA tumor …

Atrial remodeling is a major contributor to the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) after myocardial infarction (MI). Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, is associated with pathological cardiac remodeling and …

Plasma membrane-derived vesicles, also referred to as large extracellular vesicles (lEVs), are implicated in several pathophysiological situations, including cancer. However, to date, no studies have evaluated the effects of lEVs isolated from patients …

Clonal myeloproliferation and development of bone marrow (BM) fibrosis are the major pathogenetic events in myelofibrosis (MF). The identification of novel antifibrotic strategies is of utmost importance since the effectiveness of current therapies in …

The development of a combination of chemo/photothermal therapy could overcome the limitations of single-modality therapy and enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, a pH/thermal dual-responsive multifunctional drug delivery system with dual-drug …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents an unmet medical need. Difficult/late diagnosis as well as the poor efficacy and high toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs result in dismal prognosis. With the aim of improving the treatment outcome of …

Proteus mirabilis (PM) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that causes catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The specific roles of bacterial surface components (BSCs) in PM pathogenicity and CAUTIs remain unknown. To address this …

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are permanent dilations of the abdominal aorta with 4–5 times greater prevalence in males than in females. The aim of this study is to define whether Celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene from the root extracts …

The purinergic receptor P2X7 has been established as an important mediator of inflammation and participates in a variety of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, however, its role in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) remains unclear. In this …

Background and Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation contribute to a myriad of cardiovascular diseases. Deleterious crosstalk of mitochondria and persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers oxidative stress, which is involved in …